Ubuntu vnc not working
Ubuntu vnc not working
Ubuntu vnc not working. When I try to connect with VNC viewer however, I see only a blank grey screen. vnc/xstartup file to on the server side: $ sudo nano . My guess was that perhaps logging into a computer where these functions where acting normally, and logging in via ssh would bypass the issue. x. 04 server in the cloud, so headless. On one particular Ubuntu computer, normal copy paste commands do not work: They do not work locally, and they do not work via remote session. VNC is another option for remote connection to a Linux desktop. Initially, applications like Byobu Terminal and gedit were launching and working properly. 2; Client downloaded from: Ubuntu-PPA; I'm trying to configure Gnome-Desktop on Ubuntu 20. I recently turned an old windows machine into a LAMP box using Ubuntu Server 8. I am using VNC as the protocol, not RDP. There're two things you can do: To access a different desktop that looks the same, you have to start it in this xstartup file, e. Hi, I have installed Ubuntu Budgie and am trying to enable VNC. Commented Apr 22, 2020 at 18:53. Pipewire restart for Ubuntu >= 22. Can't access Ubuntu from Windows via VNC - connection refused. 10, but after upgrading it doesn't work on startup Trying to manually run from terminal: $ /usr/bin/x11vnc -auth /var/run/sddm/:0 -forever -loop -noxdamage -repeat - I have a PC running Ubuntu 22. Why is Eclipse Juno on my Lenovo W530 with 12. x11vnc was working fine in 15. A small portion of the xrdp. This may be possible with another VNC server application or with some configuration to Vino/gnome-remote-desktop that Ubuntu uses (depending VNC might work the same, but as implemented, VNC is not enabled when video is passed through. I'm using Ubuntu 19. 04 which I needed to reach from my mac. The Ubuntu desktop is also VNC-enabled. The user was in "auto login" mode and for some reason the remote sharing desktop set as a VNC server on Ubuntu 22. Doesn't VNC run before a user logs in? I am using RealVNC as my VNC server/viewer and Cinnamon as my desktop environment. It's not going to share your existing desktop, like x11vnc or tigervnc-scraping-server does, but it will create a new VNC Server that you can connect to using Ubuntu 15. In addition to the new router I have recently installed, I have recently upgraded from Ubuntu 20. 04 LTS and was delighted to see that a remote desktop server is built in and supports MS RDP in addition to VNC. LightDM is still being actively developed and used by many Linux distributions including some other flavors of Ubuntu. If successful, the Screen Sharing application should automatically launch within your macOS desktop to remotely How can I resolve the issue of VNC Viewer not connecting to the remote computer? If VNC Viewer is not connecting to the remote computer, you need to check whether the remote computer is awake, and the internet connection is available for the remote computer. I tried a few ways to get around this. So you will need to add a desktop environment to your server. Is there a VNC server which supports xkeyboard? How can I configure an appropriate xkeyboard on my VNC server? The good thing is it supports both MS RDP and VNC protocols. No matter if I select some other methods than xorg (for example: xvnc, x11rdp, any-vnc or session-man) the log always says "failed" for some reason or it crashes. 10 and later. I tried restarting it multiple times but nothing is helping When I connect to the same system using remote desktop server apps and a vnc viewer client on Windows 10, the two tilt buttons are not seen by the system. When I press the down arrow key, it works like the "Enter" key. If someone is physically near your your computer they will see your activities on the connected monitor and thus be able to collect sensitive information. When running vnc from root (ssh) everything works fine. Use the Budgie tool to enable VNC however it keeps looping back to the screen and media sharing dialogue box, even though that was already enabled. As of now, FreeNAS is not usable for anything other than SMB. 4. To connect remote desktop of my Ubuntu machine on windows azure [Ubuntu 13. Scroll down and right-click VNC Server > Gnome Remote Desktop (RDP/VNC on Ubuntu 22. service I get: The only thing I can think of is that my port is incorrect. Both towers are using X for their window manager, not Wayland. vnc/xstartup Log file is /home/demo/. I have installed Ubuntu 20. How to fix VNC Server not currently listening for connections I’ve enabled the remote access options after doing the upgrade to 22. Both computers are on the same local LAN and I can access the webpage on the server just fine from my main computer. Also GNOME Flashback (Metacity) session in Ubuntu 16. 10 ;) – Mostafa Shahverdy. How to list VNC Recently, you learned how to install and use Apache Guacamole to create an SSH connection on a Rocky Linux 8 based server. have to check which security issues i accept in order to get my vnc working – Dukeatcoding. 10 and set up turbovnc, tigervnc, vnc4server and none of those vnc servers works. Step 1. But anydesk, xfce-terminal not work, get sig abort. This does not happen, when typing the pwd with the locally/physically connected keyboard. As a result the VNC server did not have access to the passwords and created a new random password after each reboot. When you boot your Ubuntu server for the first time, you'll notice there's no GUI. Just wanted to record experience here. 92. I'm running a vnc server (tightvnc) on Ubuntu 11. * When I check the available hardware drivers it says Im using "NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (version current)[recomended]" and an alternative option "NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (version 173)" * I remember I tried a couple different VNC Copy paste from windows to ubunut is not working . After installation mouse and keyboard in vnc stop work Also, during Ubuntu loading I see messages about problem with USB. 04 LTS, but after the upgrade the settings are not opening. 03 with xvnc or xrdp connection problem. I installed Remmina from the repository. The logs have this line: I installed vnc4server on Ubnutu 18. 04 LTS with VNC for remote desktop purpose. I have followed this tutorial, And it works with the fce4 desktop. VNC on Ubuntu 23. Share. I just installed Ubuntu 22. When VNC Viewer not connecting, it is mainly because VNC Server not running well. Resolution. can x11vnc be used on cloud servers without a "real" display. Setting the relevant line to WaylandEnable=false and restarting the session via systemctl restart gdm3. How do you install VS Code in Windows Subsystem for Linux 2? 1. They both are using GNOME desktop: 41. VNC Viewer is not licensed to connect to this VNC Server VNC Viewer is connecting to a VNC Server that is licensed with a per user subscription, and is either not part of the same team as the VNC Server, or is an incompatible version. The x11VNC is not running at startup anymore. 04 that I sometimes run headless and connect to through VNC (TigerVNC server, xfce4 desktop). If I connect to the Windows 7 host, I cannot use ESC or Backspace in the Ubuntu Real solution: I am now using SSVNC on the windows machine and x11vnc on the linux server. 04, fully updated, from an external USB hard drive. Yes, at least two online tutorials (1, 2) for running TigerVNC via systemd on Ubuntu 20. If your firewall is enabled, you need to open ports for incoming VNC connections. I then found that the Xrdp protocol needs to be installed, so I installed it. Kill VNC Server Based on several key user priorities, my recommendation would be as follows: For basic Ubuntu access with good performance – TigerVNC Low resource Linux machines – TightVNC Advanced managed enterprise access – RealVNC Linux-based media centers and digital signages – TurboVNC Turning a Linux desktop to a VNC server – X11VNC I After installing UltraVNC, click [UltraVNC Viewer] to run, then, following screen is shown. Pipewire became the default sound framework since Ubuntu 22. I can ping the Ubuntu PC, that's something. 04 desktop - VNC grey screen, xrdp rights. It will create the files necessary for work and ask to create a I use VNC (RealVNC "VNC Viewer" app) on my Mac to connect to Linux desktops: Fedora 35 & Ubuntu 21. Lubuntu/Ubuntu 16. If you have followed the steps mentioned above, you will have a perfectly working VNC server on your Ubuntu device. The numeric keypad is not working. It was solved following these Since I upgraded to wily this morning, my x11vnc server will no longer start. It starts well on Live Ubuntu booting from USB flash drive, when I'm installing it the same way (downloading version 7. Using VNC, you can access your desktop or a server from anywhere without installing any 3rd party client. #!/bin/sh. This happened only after a valid password was provided. AI features where you work: search, IDE, and chat. To clarify, I'm using the integrated VNC console connection to the TrueNAS server, not VNC direct to the Ubuntu VM. It is available for almost every major platform including RealVNC Server simply doesn't run on freshly installed Ubuntu 22. 04 and all worked well. Remote desktop via Vnc is black, mouse/keyboard works. Application windows cannot be moved or resized - I can "select" windows to grab focus, though. 04 to 17. Congratulations! I have been trying to get my vncserver fixed, it seems that I broke something when I was trying to get it working with the ubuntu gnome desktop, basically, I'm pretty new to linux and I no longer know what I did but I had someone with more experience look into it and they couldn't figure it out either. service systemctl --user restart pipewire-pulse. 04 LTS or later, or CentOS/RHEL 8 or later, you need to disable Wayland; Change your Power settings on the Linux computer to never turn off the monitors/displays; Check that Linux is not set to a "Battery Saver" power mode; Connect an EDID emulator to the RealVNC Server computer. I upgraded a while ago and started having problems with vnc. However, it appears I need to purchase a dummy hdmi or dp plug to trick Ubuntu into thinking there's an actual display. Sorry can't help with your VNC challenge. This is the current status and error report when I attempt to start vncserver: https://pastebin. sh --vnc localhost:5901. 04 LTS, display manager fails apparently because of freedesktop. xev shows buttons 1-5, but the tilt buttons on the scroll wheel do not generate anything. 04 no longer work on Ubuntu 22. with exec gnome-session or 1. Cannot launch VNC Mouse Not Working. so is in /usr/lib/remmina/plugins/ When I start Remmina, I see only the plugins for RDP, nothing for VNC. [root@localhost ~]$ su - TARGETUSER. 10. To the remote server, select the saved session and click on the Open button. Also installed both the RDP and the VNC plugins from the repository. What I did was to run the following commands (I'm not 100% sure that this is a solution): sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop gnome-panel gnome-settings-daemon metacity nautilus gnome-terminal sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade Since 20. Now I can see Screen Sharing option in Ubuntu Server 20. In this guide, you’ll set up a VNC server on an Ubuntu 18. 10, in a way that could allow me to view and control the desktop even when there is no monitor In this tutorial, we will show you how to install and configure a VNC server on Ubuntu 20. 04 Desktop Sharing (VNC) encryptiom / auth problem. Have used remmina 1. To check which display system your Ubuntu is using, please enter this command # Firefox over VNC # # VERSION 0. If I run "sudo vainfo" inside the VNC session, it works. 04 with Xfce and TightVNCServer. 10 64-bit from Windows 7 64-bit. 1 LTS keeps But after SSH tunneling with putty and logging in with vnc viewer it simply said (so no credentials won´t be entered): This server does not have a valid password I tried to connect from local vnc viewer using 127. I can't quite seem to find the correct arguments for the Xvnc-session file. Everything works really well, except the keyboard. Trying to run a headless pi remotely from a Windows 10 or Android tablet using VNC, but VNC slows unacceptably when it's monitor is unplugged. VNC remote desktop without asking permission prompt. However while in new sessions I can use my keyboard, I can't start qtcreator, since XRandr and XKeyboard fail to work in the vnc session, and the driver swrast (what ever that is for) can I'm trying to create a Dockerfile based on Ubuntu 22. Recently, the terminal won't open in the VNC session. This guide covers the steps necessary for installing and configuring a VNC server on Ubuntu 18. Vino VNC Server unable to start on startup. Install RealVNC Viewer. I have been New 'X' desktop is vpn:1 Starting applications specified in /home/demo/. However, mlocate doesn't show any vnc files in any *bin directory ps -A doesn't show a vnc service running none of the menus have an item for vnc server I can connect to the ubuntu computer from Windows tightvnc clients on two different Not as an answer to your question, but another way, you can install remmina, a good VNC client, preinstalled in Ubuntu 12. a Netware Nighthawk, and after some work, was able to connect to 2 VNC desktops from my laptop via a cellular connection via an OpenVPN connection to Command line auto complete tab key not work in terminal for VNC Viewer Linux Aug 21, 2020 Viewed 756 Comments 0 I installed vncserver on the Ubuntu server. I didn't have this problem unlocking the xrdp session, so something is strange with the session created by This Ubuntu VNC tutorial is split into several sections. Check you are using VNC Viewer 7. 04, and even a home router with OpenWRT, or docker, with tigervnc-standalone-server or xtightvncserver. bak I'm trying to set up a headless pc/file server and have been using vnc to control it. 04 - recompiled gnome-remote-desktop I am a regular user of Ubuntu. 04, but I can't seem to connect to my Ubuntu desktop from a Windows (10) PC. Add a comment | 1 VNC server on Ubuntu 12. Works with bVNC on android too. [TARGETUSER@localhost ~]$ vncpasswd. I'm starting the server using the following command: vncserver -xstartup ~/. Hi guys. 12 minutes ago, DefectiveServer said: Thanks for replying. x:5901) I get to a grey screen with a cursor and can move it around but I can do nothing else. Don't forget to install it if you decide to change that. 04 Grey VNC. I think it was around the time I installed the . The answer listed here did not work but this did: How to make auto login work in Ubuntu? (no display manager) 2. 04 - Remote Desktop Sharing authentication password changes every reboot I am hoping to have remote desktop This is a problem when working from home if I need to reboot my Linux server or logout / switch users. My xstartup file has the following contents: Thus, there is no more a VNC backend in Ubuntu by default. Ubuntu 18. Hot Network Questions What exactly did the BBC mean by Looks like Xorg instance initiated by vnc server is not using default xorg. I am runing Ubuntu 13. The Overflow Blog One of the best ways to get Install and configure VNC on a Linux virtual machine; Build a Zero Trust policy to determine who can reach the host; Render the VNC server in your browser; Time to complete: 10 minutes. When I use a different username (user), the keyboard and mouse do not work (the desktop loads properly) Ubuntu is currently one of the most popular Linux distributions available, and, with VNC Connect, you can simply and securely use any machine running the Ubuntu distribution remotely. 04, and viewing it with Screen Sharing on a Mac and also using Chicken of the VNC on the Mac. Software Update not showing 16. It starts well on Live Ubuntu booting from USB flash drive, when I'm installing it the same For using gnome instead of xfce, try put the following to your xstartup file, start the vncserver and check the log file, fix any errors by installing the missing In this guide, we’ll cover how to Install and Configure VNC Server on Ubuntu 22. Ubuntu 19. I faced the same issue on solaris 11 and after a little search I found out the gnome desktop is not even installed. However, Chromium and Firefox were not launching. The remote computer is not connected to the Internet. A machine running Ubuntu 22. 168. mikim on April 29, 2022 then chmod +x ~/. here. Also, make sure you are selecting the correct team in VNC Viewer I initially installed VNC4SERVER to run Guacamole (render VM through browser) on an AWS EC2 Linux (Ubuntu 12. In On the client side I am mostly satisfied with RealVNC's VNC Viewer, even if it has some limitations (it is not free, and it is free of charge only for a maximum of 5 configured clients). The usual command: sudo x11vnc -nomodtweak -forever -display :0 -auth guess results in: 27/10/2015 21:56:57 x11vnc v I can't login into my ubuntu server. Then, I did: sudo apt-get install gnome-core But still no access. 04 so slow? 0. vscode does not want to launch. I start the server with vncserver -geometry 1920x1080 -depth 24. Installing Plex on Ubuntu Server 20. The host runs a TightVNC server. I am using vnc to connect to it. also whenever you'd adjust the sound via ubuntu, it would hang a bit. To trouble shoot I tried commands on ubunutu vncconfig I get No VNC extension on display :0 New to Ubuntu [ubuntu] copy past not working vncviewer; Results 1 to 2 of 2 Thread: Open the VNC Viewer Properties dialog and, on the Inputs tab, turn on Share clipboard with VNC If you are running RealVNC Server on Ubuntu 18. VNC Password got changed every boot. It just looks like the server is offline or something like this. /utils/launch. I don;t see the Unity Desktop. Also how to start the VNC service default when not logged in to the desktop? Can't get Vnc to work reliably over wifi under lubuntu. 04 and XFCE. 2) and have a strange login issue. I am using Remmina from a computer running Ubuntu 16. When I use vnc to view the native X server :0, it acts almost like a view-only mode where I can move the mouse, but not click on anything or To use this script, open your favorite text editor and paste the contents in. 04 to Ubuntu 22. 04 is that it now uses a display feature called wayland by default, while in versions prior to 21. VNC server on Ubuntu 12. 04 remote machine with a VNC server. Any help in resolving this issue is greatly I'm trying to get the Remote Desktop feature working on Ubuntu (Desktop) 22. 04 was launched before the keyring had a chance to show. 04 LTS. 1 # DOCKER-VERSION 0. It has some quirks related to the password, which I found out about on this post: 22. log . I can still see the mouse cursor, and then my VNC mouse cursor (the x) and at first they keep up with one another, then the ubuntu mouse cursor just stops. It is best to add this command in the answer to your startup on the system that you are VNCing to. X11VNC, in particular, is a VNC server that allows you to remotely control your Ubuntu or LinuxMint desktop environment. Previously RealVNC was used but this currently will not work on Bookworm so WayVNC is used which has limited compatability with VNC viewers so TigerVNC Viewer is recommended. Then you have to set a different source port so it won't conflict. Teams. aBtKL_/passwd :1 to connect to the VNC server. VNC on UBUNTU 13. 04 server and connect to it securely through an SSH tunnel. no updates to os/client. VNC is working on GUI (Graphical User Interface) environments, it transmits movements of your mouse and keyboard input over the network using the Remote Frame Buffer (RFB) protocol. By default, Ubuntu Server does not include a Desktop Environment. When I remote login through remote desktop and using the terminal, I can not use the tab key to auto complete the command for item such as file/directory. vncserver -kill :1 I was able to see the real desktop using vnc xrdp has been working fine with XUBUNTU 16. For my situation, the final target was TightVNC running on Ubuntu 18. The keyboard itself, on this computer, is PS2. Visit Stack Exchange Getting VNC server to work over ubuntu 16. Then, you’ll use a VNC client program on your local We break it down into three steps: Install RealVNC Server. It worked fine and then I shutdown the instance. Previously i had ubuntu 13. 04) would crash immediately upon connecting to "Screen Sharing" (on Ubuntu 22. So I installed it using: pkg install --accept solaris-desktop Then killed the running vnc-server: vncserver -kill :1 and after running vnc again using this command. I turn on screen and media sharing. VNC client: Remmina (Ubuntu), VNCViewer (Android) VNC client version: Remmina 1. Start the VNC server. 04? 1. Here, you can see that the command launches a default server instance on port 5901. My problem is that I cannot VNC into the VM using VNC client. 04 machine, i connect to the server using remmina from ubuntu 20. If you're trying to use GNOME, you've got a couple of possible incompatibilities:- The default Firefox browser does not work out of the box, installing a new Firefox (via SNAP) is no bueno, hit this error: client is not authorized to connect to server cannot open display 1:0 There are tons of online posts on Ubuntu GUI Desktop and remote access options, but none helped - either due to they were for older Ubuntu versions or Contents: The ubuntu-frame-vnc snap Using as a daemon Running manually Remote access Client compatibility Debugging This document describes how to use the remote assistance function in Ubuntu Frame. It starts working again if I disconnect and re-connect to RDP. VNC just hangs at connecting on the client side, the Ubuntu desktop shows that the desktop is being shared with the little icon in upper right. local), it was forever stuck on connecting. 99. For TigerVNC, X is run from /etc/X11/Xtigervnc-session, but it's not at all obvious (to me) how Gnome is run from that point. I'm trying to get the full Gnome desktop using TightVNC in a headless configuration. If you do not have access to the VNC Server GUI, the log files can be found in the following locations instead: Windows: C:\ProgramData\RealVNC-Service\vncserver. vnc://10. This will give you a list of This can be achieved with vino vnc server & remmina (both come default with ubuntu; if not install it by running sudo apt-get install remmina). Few users prefer to use XFCE, however, here we will go for the default GNOME that I want to access an Ubuntu machine remotely via VNC. 10]. Which VNC Servers work with Ubuntu 20. And VNC sorta sucks compared to NoMachine. vino-preferences. service Learned from: Is there another way to restart the sound system if pulseaudio/ALSA don't work? The audio I install VM with ubuntu 22. How to make Ubuntu 18. As a vnc user, ssh to the vnc server, do This only happens when connected via Ubuntu's built in VNC server. Hi, Now I have found a way to do make VNC work on Ubuntu 22. Setup: Server: Ubuntu 14. it was not working with sudo Keep in mind that it is not possible using the GUI to enable VNC to work prior to a user signing in to Ubuntu on your Pi; A user must be signed into the desktop environment for VNC to work. conf file which is configured for nvidia driver and GPU. I'm using Ubuntu 20. This step ensures that a virtual monitor is always available, even without a physical Later I encountered trouble starting vino over ssh, since I could not find the source I switched to x11vnc, now I can start the vnc server and connect to it. I have installed desktop and get the result of the command vncserver -geometry 1440x900 like below:. If not, and you’re already booted into the graphical desktop, select Menu > Preferences > Raspberry Pi Configuration > Interfaces and make sure VNC is set to Enabled. VNC Server Open VNC Server's Options and go to the Troubleshooting section, then click Show in folder. You need a bit of expertise to make it work, so terse instruction here: On Linux (follow the instruction that x11vnc is giving you, is verbose but worth reading): Installed vncserver on ubuntu server. 04 (In all platforms VNC, zoom, teams, google meet, anydesk, etc. I went into terminal and checked it out, and here were the logs: I'm trying to start a VNC session with the Gnome Desktop with the following settings and commands: Kill the session of vnc4server on the server side: selenium@selenium-grid:~$ vnc4server -kill :1 Killing Xvnc4 process ID 10747 edit . 10 which is headless. We will also show you how to securely connect to the VNC server through an SSH tunnel. 1. It makes managing files, software, and settings on a remote server easier for users who are not yet comfortable with the command line. 233:5900). The display will continue to update as the screen contents change, but my mouse and keyboard inputs are ignored after a few minutes. 0. I connect to other hosts with no problem so it's not my client. bashrc file that shouldn't be there. After successfully connecting, you should see the XFCE desktop environment of your Ubuntu server within the VNC client window. I think all of these are working, however, I am not able to connect to this server and see graphical output on my local machine. I installed TightVNC on a Ubuntu20. 127:80 for port 5980, and ::<full-number> for all other ports, for example 192. Run following command to change vnc password. If you’re already using an older version of RealVNC Server, restart it: sudo systemctl restart vncserver-x11-serviced . One of the recommended VNC viewers is VNC Connect by RealVNC. 2 LTS. Ubuntu I am having a problem related to my virtual machine at Google cloud. The --vnc option is used to specify the location of a running VNC server:. Ubuntu and the circle of friends logo are trade marks of Canonical Limited and are used under licence. Since upgrading from 20. I still have to SSH manually to the server and as root run the command line to make it work. vncserver as my sudo user works fine and I can connect via an SSH tunnel (although I cannot launch browsers, which is a different issue). ) I basically installed xfce4 along with xrdp, according to guides on installing it on linux normally (and even managed to install in normally on my linux distro so that means the steps should work), but after logging in to the user in the RDP Some of the keys are not working (§ TigerVNC is running on a ubuntu 20. VNC doesn't work in Ubuntu 21. 3. I have set up TigerVNC on a headless Ubuntu 22. You can run VNC from almost anywhere, that includes Ubuntu 20. The VNC client is installed on the local computer while VNC (Virtual Network Computing) is the perfect solution for graphical remote access and control between Ubuntu systems. Avion It makes managing files, software, and settings on a remote server easier for users who are not yet comfortable with the command line. 04 サーバー上にVNC サーバーを設定し Use the launch script to start a mini-webserver and the WebSockets proxy (websockify). 1 LTS. But I got a problem with display manager ( to deal with login page). Make sure that the initial '#' character is the very first character in the file, save the file as krfb. But no screen. This needs to run Step 9: Connect to your VNC server using a VNC client application. 04 and Visual Studios run faster? 9. 0. I New 'X' desktop is your_hostname:1 Starting applications specified in /home/ sammy /. Connecting to the login screen with VNC while using GDM3 is currently not possible. Configure Desktop environment for VNC Server. 04 remote device Local System Description Client (OS name and version): Ubuntu 20. 04 to which we’ll connect. To overcome this, you will have to install the Light Display Manager, You can use any VNC client to connect to the Ubuntu Linux PC. When I press left, right and up arrow keys, it does not respond at all. To all that come here to this answer, please DO NOT RUN this command from an SSH session as it tries to run it in the SSH and not on the system itself. It's a script that runs every time you launch the terminal, and when you log in with ssh a similar file may be executed on the remote machine. Still not working. However I have a black screen when In this article, you configured xrdp to connect to a graphical desktop for your remote Ubuntu server over an RDP connection from a local machine. 4 update. I have typical home LAN, with a Ubuntu desktop and Windows 10 desktop both on same LAN. I cannot get clipboard (Ctrl-C, Ctrl-V to work on a tigervnc session). 04LTS, bluetooth dongle not working D-Bus connection failure. 0-U4. (I would like to use vnc) Ubuntu; Community; Ask! Developer; Design; Hardware; still not working but vino-server crashed – Jason. Improve this answer. 04 and other recent versions) can be enabled through command line by using the grdctl command. Follow Ubuntu 14. The closest I have gotten to success to far is vnc4server. An Ubuntu VNC server on Ubuntu 12. 04), where RDP is now the default screen sharing protocol. mediaman99 September 11, 2021, 4:00am 1. VNC may not work without a monitor attached, causing a blank screen in the viewer. 04 machine I VNC into the clean install machine, but functionality is very limited. If I access the same box using SSH, I can use tab key to auto complete. 04, configure it, and use it for remote desktop connections. Press Win + R and type in “services. This is assuming that your VNC server is running on the default port, and is listening to loopback requests. Now, you can try configuring a VNC connection for your Linux server with How to Install and Configure VNC on Ubuntu 20. Just to add some more facts: * I'm running compiz advanced desktop effects. 04 Ubuntu defaulted to using xorg as its display server. 04, you can check it out with my answer as I figured it out. $ vncpasswd Password: Verify: When prompted, enter and verify your password to set. 04, my attempts to remote log-in always result in failure. 6. Step 2. After a few days I started it again, and then I noticed VNC not working properly. Then, you’ll use a VNC client program on your local machine to interact with your server through a graphical desktop In this guide, you’ll set up a VNC server with TightVNC on an Ubuntu 20. If VNC Server not currently listening for connections on Linux, in addition to the causes above, the problem may also be caused because the Wayland is not disabled. That file was created during my manual test and is owned by root, see edited pot above. If you are working with Ubuntu 19. 1 for Fedora, and 40. I am logging into an Ubuntu 14. Step 1: Prepare your System for Ubuntu VNC Setup. Restart VNC Server. The hack results in need to first connect to VNC port 5902 to login via "greeter" and then shut that window and connect to desktop via VNC port 5900. Make sure VNC Server is running on the remote computer and you can restart it to solve the problem. The Keyboard Preferences are set for Generic 105-Key (Intl) PC. I'm trying to get VNC access from the Windows machine to control the desktop of Ubuntu computer (Ubuntu 18. If I leave the credentials blank I get an Ok dialog I've been able to get VNC working with lightdm and x11vnc. This and this are related to vncserver, and I found no way to apply that to this case. I am using my TrueNAS ip address and VNC port of the VM; <TrueNAS ip address>:VM_port. babelmonk's answer almost solves my problem. However, keep in mind that VNC sends passwords without any security – meaning, someone can easily listen to your conversation by logging themselves in! Therefore, to secure your VNC server, you can use a VPN for The arrow keys do not work in terminal, you need to type in something like unity to run the Unity shell I was unable to use tab completion when connecting via VNC to a headless XFCE4. This combination worked with no problems until I upgraded from Ubuntu 17. Getting Vino working on Lubuntu. The keys don't do anything, with or without NumLock on. I can work using Remote Desktop direct to the Ubuntu VM but even in RDP, the mouse does stop working any time I open the 'Show Apps' menu. This choice will I need to do this locally. 10, so now you need to:. Point your browser to the cut-and-paste URL that is output by the launch script. 04. 4 LTS + GPU RTX8000 . On a local Windows 7 system (a laptop), I use the TightVNC client to connect to either of the two systems. Well, it's not working. Besides the settings, the display settings and change background option are also not working. 04 machine, and we’ll look at how we can connect to it via VNC desktop client on our other PC using a secure SSH tunnel. 1:5902 and it connects. My Ubuntu server is a Lenovo Thinkserver. Ubuntu is currently using the built-in Sharing from settings. I have tried 3 or 4 vnc viewers, and on the server side tried x0vncserver as well as remote Not sure if your problem is related to mine: my Remmina client (on Ubuntu 22. It worked forever before that. I used a cheap one $7 adapter and it worked for me. Allowing cloud connections is not permitted. However I am not able to access the desktop with either VNC or RDP client. 5. Hey Everybody, Thanks in advance for the help. The issue with Ubuntu 22. Go back to the Session page to save the settings so that you do not need to enter them each time. 04 by disabling wayland by editing the gdm3-setup: sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom. VNC on Ubuntu 20. Some of our readers had issues after upgrading to Ubuntu 15. Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Windows (including their menus) are non-reactive to my mouse clicks (left- and right-clicks). If you VNC to the system, then you can run it in a terminal window in the VNC. I do not have access to the email address that unRAID seems to have bound itself to, so I'm really hoping we find a solution here other than some of the cool kids feeling the need to offer solutions like "USE SSH instead" or "Use a different VNC program" It's like hey your car is broke, just use a bike or walk instead, it's better for you. Problem is I don't have a monitor to dedicate to this server all the time so I was hoping to get VNC up and running so I How to configure VNC Server in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8? In a vnc session, after Screen Lock occurred, user can not input password . I'm able to view the desktop with Real VNC Viewer, Apple VNC Screen Share and other VNC viewers, I can run my applications, the desktop manager works, I have installed ubuntu 13. 04 step-by-step instructions To check which display system Stack Exchange Network. Remmina 0. I try to use them, and it doesn't work. From then on the above commands do show the remote window instead of a blank screen. The ubuntu-frame-vnc snap The remote assistance feature of Ubuntu Frame is provided by the ubuntu-frame-vnc snap. 04 using the command: $ vncserver :1 3. Can't even configure VMs. 1 with TightVNCViewer. Any other long and many up votes dont work. . log and C:\ProgramData\RealVNC-Service\vncserver. It is set to I've installed gnome-shell-extensions, but I'm on VNC, so can't follow the normal instructions for logging in and selecting 'Classic' in the login menu (there isn't a login menu). Command does not work over remote SSH session. If I use vnc to start a new X server :1, then everything works fine, but I can't see/change any current processes. vnc/vpn:1. 04 - not showing full desktop. How to run Visual Studio Code as root. Now that the SSH tunnel is created, it is time to open your Vncviewer and to connect to the VNC Server at localhost:5901. Reply . The output from several diagnostic commands is included below. except debug and the VNC This had been previously working, but apparently stopped working after a software update on the Ubuntu server. After connecting through VNC Viewer, open the terminal to input commands and press the Tab key of the keyboard, but no effect of auto-completion. If you’re connecting over the Internet, have you entered RealVNC Server’s public rather than private network address? I have a successful working instance of Apache Guacamole working through docker on my server. 2 for years and had remote sound w/no configuration or special setup. Xresources. Connecting using Vncviewer #. Finally, it worked. I have tried multiple VNC server software options. However, I'm trying to connect to my new ubuntu box (not a VM) through VNC, but guac is not allowing this to happen no matter what settings I use. $ cat xstartup. Try In this tutorial, we will go step-by-step through installing and configuring the VNC Server on an Ubuntu 22. However, in the terminal, the arrow keys do not work properly. Connecting via VNC with an android-vnc-viewer app (x. Sorry to ramble a bit. vnc # Setup a password RUN x11vnc -storepasswd 1234 I'm using a headless Ubuntu Desktop 22. VNC via SSH tunnel working or not, unkown causes. ubuntu; ssh; vnc. That appears to work as I see the lock file in /tmp/. This post will provide the necessary information to have x11vnc running at startup on ubuntu 15. Inside the VNC session "vainfo" does not work and applications that I start over the VNC session do not utilize the GPU which I can monitor using "sudo intel_gpu_top" via SSH. Remote connection programs on Ubuntu 20. Solution 1. 04 when 5. But I can access the Ubuntu machine only if the user is logged in. Firefox and ms edge work I am using vnc server for the first time on Ubuntu with gnome (Ubuntu 10. Connect. For one connection, it is enough to open 5901 as shown below. 04 server and connect to it securely through an SSH Based on several key user priorities, my recommendation would be as follows: For basic Ubuntu access with good performance – TigerVNC Low resource Linux I'm desperately trying to trying to enable remote desktop on Ubuntu 21. 04 using Raspberry Pi 4B. Mouse click does not work for some applications on Ubuntu 21. Especially useful if you are trying to use VNC. 04 VPS. Use xtigervncviewer -SecurityTypes VncAuth -passwd /tmp/tigervnc. To install Xvfb, use the package manager specific to your operating system (e. I want to access the ubuntu machine via VNC from the login screen itself. This tutorial focuses on configuring a Tight VNC server on an Azure hosted Linux virtual . RealVNC Server simply doesn't run on freshly installed Ubuntu 22. ,) How to enable/disable Wayland on Ubuntu 22. I have tried some ideas to manually start gnome-session in the xstartup file, but wasn't able to fix that. But if I give local-lan-ip:5902 I see the error "unable to connect to socket:connection refused". But it still does not work/x11vnc is not started on boot before login. When I try using SSH it's not working and if I try VNC it works normally. 1, Ubuntu 14. 7 min read. ubuntu VNC from my iphone Grey screen. I am using some Python IDE programs which use Qt, but while running them I am getting the error: Qt: XKEYBOARD extension not present on the X server. Everything used to work fine on 18. 1 update that VNC stopped working. Then Run Following commands from local computer in terminal prompt: ssh -Y gman@remote. Set a secure access password. Then I use a VNC viewer the Windows 7 box to connect to it. I think I have to configure the vnc4server configuration file but I'm a beginner with all this. Here is some supporting info: /etc/X11/Xvnc VNC server on Ubuntu 12. Although this simple program won't open a window of any kind, it will quietly wait for the next VNC client to connect to hmm - some points: if you've installed x11vnc, i would expect x11vnc -safer -display :0 as command to start the server. log. (For my server, I’m using a cheap VPS with high RAM from Contabo. – @SKR - I'm afraid I've moved away permanently from the environment where I logged in to the Linux PC by VNC. vnc/ your_hostname:1. – StoneThrow Then you have to tell the VNC viewer to connect to localhost::5900. vnc/xstartup then kill any remaining VNC session vncserver -kill :0 then start a new VNC session vncserver :0 -geometry 1980x1080 -localhost no then you can try connecting to your Prerequisites. One of the most popular uses of Guacamole is to use it as a VNC (Virtual Network Computing) viewer. Start vnc server from within target user to create new session for current user. 04 does not start setup wizard and does not grant access to server for setup. 04 and I installed vncviewer on Windows 7. I recently moved on from Ubuntu 19 for 20. It will open vino-preferences. In this guide, you’ll set up a VNC server with TightVNC on an Ubuntu 22. The problem is, I can't get the clipboard working to copy/paste from the client into the server. Commented Mar 1, 2013 at 14:53. 2. py, and set the file's permissions to make it executable. 04 are useless. I instead tried the local IP (192. We can access all windows machines from the login screen. 04) instance. There should not be any firewall active and vncserver and vncpasswd have been executed on the server. systemctl --user restart pipewire. When using it through SSH, I initially had the problem that. You can use I am running Ubuntu 22. msc”, and click OK. I can't seem to connect a 3rd party VNC viewer (have tried both RealVNC and TightVNC) as they report connect ended unexpectedly and no connection parameters, sudo apt-get install realvnc-vnc-server . xrdb $HOME/. You first kill the existing VNC sessions See if there is anything in your . However, this behavior is only observable on one user account and the terminal in VS Code is working fine. The easiest way, if you have access, is to attach a mouse to the server. 04, in part because of this problem. Hi its not working on Oracle Cloud instance vnc connector gets timed out. I have verified that remmina-plugin-vnc. 7. Commented Mar 11, 2013 at 9:09. Enter a password if the VNC server has one configured. It looks lile the X server is running, but getting killed, possibly because the session is ending prematurely. I'm having major difficulties in getting the clipboard (copy/paste) to work over my VNC connection. Also assuming that you are not running a VNC server on the machine you are VNC'ing from. 04 Remmina version Desktop environment, GNOME Plugin: VNC GTK back-end (Wayland, Xorg): X11 (remmina installed device) Wayland on remote device Optional: Include the output of the Get a virtual cloud desktop with the Linux distro that you want in less than five minutes with Shells! With over 10 pre-installed distros to choose from, the worry-free installation life is here! Whether you are a digital nomad or just looking for flexibility, Shells can put your Linux machine on the device that you want to use. 04 # Make sure the package repository is up to date RUN apt-get update # Install vnc, xvfb in order to create a 'fake' display and firefox RUN apt-get install -y x11vnc xvfb firefox RUN mkdir ~/. VNC can control desktop, but only displays black screen. x11vnc auto-start not working after Upgrading to 16. You’ll use TightVNC, a fast and lightweight remote control package. 10! 2. I’ve written a review of Contabo’s VPS if you’re interested – or Unfortunately, GDM does not usually work very well with the x11vnc server. It is still in gnome-remote-desktop itself, but not in Ubuntus build with 22. I can connect to VNC but I can't run apps like glxgears on GPU using VNC session. We will also cover some security aspects and autostarting VNC server. Wayland does not support screen sharing by default (until now, at least!). The easiest way to get this VNC functionality back is to simply switch back from GDM3 to LightDM. 04 to another computer running Ubuntu 22. 04 LTS to 22. To kill a VNC server running at desktop at :1, type: $ vncserver -kill :1 Here is what we see on the terminal window: Killing Xtigervnc process ID 9523 success! VNC server to kill all, instances (*) of TigerVNC, run: $ vncserver -kill :* The -kill option will kill and stop your TigetVNC server. Client: Windows 8. I am using gnome-session-fallback for the vnc session but it seams that the desktop session does not load, the vnc window is filled with a gray background image and the cursor is Login to target linux user (user that you want to connect with vnc) via ssh (ex: TARGETUSER). 2 (lucid) with Gnome 2. - Enter the VNC password you set up earlier during the configuration process. Naturally, we're going to need to change that if we want to use it with a UI via VNC. In this tutorial, we will install TightVNC Server on Ubuntu 20. suddenly stopped working from ubuntu clients (windows mstsc clients could still get sound fine). For the slower Raspberry Pi's such as Pi3B+ and lower will still be using X Window enviroment with Bookworm so Real VNC will still work. g. Hope that helps someone. ”Authentication error” message shows up under the password input box. 3. 04 to 22. VNC not working. , apt for Ubuntu). In this completely comprehensive 3000+ In this quickstart guide, you’ll set up a VNC server with TightVNC on an Ubuntu 20. " Start vino vnc server from ssh client. Configure the VNC server on Ubuntu as follows. 04 and Wayland. log is: xrdp_wm_log_msg: I am currently trying to use a Jetson Nano Ubuntu 18. vnc/xstartup Log file is /home/ sammy /. 4. I tried to playback videos in a browser in VNC and it stutters/lags completely, basically the FPS How to stop TigetVNC server. 30. 10 running standard unity; I have installed cairo dock (which makes it much more usable for me); still not used to the left side app bar; It would be nice to be able to use my win7 system to rdp into this ubuntu 13. Unable to start gnome-terminal via VNC: 0. 04 but on a fresh install of XUBUNTU 18. If I connect to the Ubuntu VM directly, the ESC and Backspace keys work fine. I can't just start anything or sudo apt update. 04 LTS to 18. 5. I power on the Ubuntu box, then use Putty to open a VNC server session with appropriate geometry. Start VNC Server on Ubuntu 22. 04 machine from my Windows machine; installed tightVNC, changed the xstartup file to show the default Gnome desktop. 04, some of my applications, such as Fir Ubuntu; Community; Ask! Ubuntu 22. The remote window manager is xfce, and the termial shell is bash. How I can configure realvnc for run on GPU. After I logged into the vnc4server on Ubuntu, everything works well. The vncserver is running Ubuntu 18. All the tutorials for Ubuntu 20. Apparently everything is working, but I get no screen back to the machine that is using the vncviewer. 04 in which gdm3 is used. [TARGETUSER@localhost I have installed Ubuntu as a VM on TrueNAS-12. I am trying to get VNC running on my Ubuntu 16. vncxstartup. Prior to the upgrade, connecting via VNC worked without fail. I have tried connecting via the VNC link (pc-name. As of the last time I was working in that environment, the only solution I ever found to the problem was the perpetually-running loginctl unlock-session script. I can change the Desktop Background) but I can't From my upgraded 21. Introduction Virtual Network Computing, or VNC, is a connection system that allows you to use your keyboard and mouse to interact with a graphical desktop environment on a remote server. Screen Share Not working in Ubuntu 22. 04 with Gnome. If you have one of those VGA to HDMI or VGA to Display port adapters lying around, you can use it to get past this Monitor or display issue. As far as I can tell everything is working properly, I can VNC into it using TrueNAS web interface. 10] windows server 2012 r2 on Windows Azure. Then: Did you try to increase debug output using the -v option (x11vnc -v -display :0)?Finally: If the -voption doesn't give any errors, you can re-check if the server is running using sudo netstat -atpn. I have installed VNC server and I am accessing the system using VNC Viewer. I have created a new VM from scratch (Ubuntu) and verified that the behavior begins on the first reboot. I recently discovered that the 10-key (numeric) part of my Mac keyboard no longer works on either desktop when connected via VNC. In my case, I forgot the password to the VNC server. 1 from The solution below is for problem with screen lock and the new GNOME Remote Desktop in Ubuntu 22. I think most of the other ones are paid or only work on Windows/Mac (do I even need a 3rd party app, though?). Raspi & ARM64. Tried everything that I could find /think of: X11, Wayland, rdp, vnc, no firewall, If I stop the remote with: systemctl --user stop gnome-remote-desktop. 2 FROM ubuntu:14. Next, let's kill the I have a easy fix. The original configuration can be seen below. 04 installation on an AWS EC2 instance (VM). users file; Log in as the user and set a VNC passwd using vncpasswd command; Setup your firewall to allow the vnc-server service through I did: sudo apt-get install vnc4server then: vncserver But VNC viewer at a Windows computer could not access the Ubuntu. xsetroot -solid grey. This port is called a display port, and is referred to by VNC as :1:. x or later. 04 is not working -- external VNC clients cannot access. I have Ubuntu Server LTS 14. 04 is using systemd, the instructions found in the previous post are not applicable anymore. Launching. Enabling RDP sharing. 10 that has some way of remote access (XRDP/VNC/etc. 04 normal desktop installation). 04, Vino, Does Not Work. 04 and using an app called avncviewer from android devices. 04 that allows RDP (and legacy VNC) protocol for remote desktop sharing. 04 and tightvncserver however, when I connect to the desktop, I see a grey desktop. 04* machine in order to use it remotely from my macbook pro. vnc/xstartup Edited file: I followed this guide to try to connect to my Ubuntu 20. I ran unity_support_test on the system running the vnc server, and it showed it Attempting to setup TigerVNC on Ubuntu 23. 04 my headless xubuntu / xfce server freezes the vnc server after a short time, like after 5 minutes or so and certainly when not active. 1. After upgrade from 16. 9. I have installed Ubuntu 16. If you can’t do this, then try changing the VNC Server settings as My solution: Go to the desktop sharing and allow it to sharing and put a good password. I am running Ubuntu 10. 63] TightVNC Viewer for windows [version 2. 04 without a monitor by using NoMachine software but it consumes a lot of processing power (approximately 20-30% of each CPU core) and causes my deep learning model predictions to slow down when I want to see the output on the screen. But it also has an annoying bug: if I change the current window to work on the remote desktop, the Alt key is stuck (the shortcut for the change is Alt-Tab on I am trying to install vnc on an x86_64 ubuntu 20. Step 3 — Connecting to the VNC Desktop I am trying to connect into Ubuntu but Sharing will not stay on. There are a number of VNC versions, deployments, and instances. Configure the virtual display manager to start when the system boots up. First, we will see how to setup VNC server on Ubuntu, then Configure it, and followed by setting up VNC viewer. com/3p3a4Pxw. How to get vino to run after autologin on a headless server - Ubuntu Server 18. These solutions are not helpful AT ALL to something that WAS working and is no longer I have a home server running Ubuntu Desktop 18. for me, the rest like install dummy not work. not to change password, as required work after system reboot. 04 During installation mouse and keyboard in vnc work correctly. Got to step to test by entering 'vncserver'. Whether you are working from home, managing servers, or simply need to access files on a different machine, VNC (Virtual Network Computing) provides a powerful solution. However I find the VNC only accepts one connection. Now, we let the server know which environment it should use to display on the remote screen. Input [(Server's hostname or IP address):(display number)] like following example and then click [Connect] button. I do NOT want Xfce, all of the tutorials for some inexplicable reason tell you to install xfce. My firewall is also turned off. TigerVNC server is designed to controls only desktop systems. I'm using the built-in gnome-remote-desktop that you activate in the settings. These are both 64-bit lucid lynx server (gnome) According to Ubuntu Software Center, Tight VNC Server is installed. At the end of this tutorial, you’ll be able to use RealVNC Server on any Ubuntu machine. Everything works fine except that I only see the Terminal window in the VNC session. Run the vncpasswd command to set a password for your VNC server. Note. Here is Step by step tutorial to install VNC server on Ubuntu system and connect with VNC viewer. – Virtual Network Computing (VNC) is a desktop sharing protocol that allows you to control a computer remotely using the VNC client software. 04 and I want to know whether it's possible to install vnc4server and make it work with ubuntu-desktop (and not xubuntu-desktop) without installing xfce4. But after setting up everything Within the Spotlight field, enter vnc://your_server_ip:5900 (e. 5 for Ubuntu. Since Ubuntu 15. (click off to allow permissions) Go to the Screen and set it to lock after 30 seconds. New I am using an Ubuntu 22. conf. I'm relatively weak with Linux, and this is part of my learning process, so bear with me if this a dumb question. If RealVNC Server is not listening on port 5900, enter :<1-99> for ports in the range 5901-5999, for example 192. I had changed the port used by VNC Server on Ubuntu for security purposes, and I also enabled connection on that port using the ufw command on Ubuntu: VNC Suddenly Stopped Working Ubuntu 18. Learn more Explore Teams. Background: I'd like to get something close to I finally got this to work for me; setup: older laptop running ubuntu 13. The VNC client I am using is vinagre. I'm using these instructions: vnc-any; neutrinordp-any; Selecting Xorg and some login credentials causes the window to close. I did use the user password not vnc password, so not sure why it would not work. I'm connected via TightVNC viewer on Win 10 which has been working flawless for many years now and I did not try any other client (so far). Use trusted X11 forwarding, otherwise it wont work . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ EDIT: Some information about the Linux VMs - Ubuntu 19. 127::80 for port 80. That could make the terminal not work. 04 LTS on my virtual machine instance. Before installing VNC on Ubuntu let's update the system. If you can’t see the mouse during a VNC session, or you can only see a dot, then the most likely explanation is that there is no mouse connected to the VNC Server. If one use Ubuntu; Community; Ask! Developer; Design; Hardware; Are There Any VNC Servers that Work with Cinnamon DE 3 on Ubuntu 16. I also read that it should work with Windows 10/11 RDP, so I tried with Windows 10 RDP from the same network, but still not working. And yet, even with 'smart' -guess parameter from x11vnc, I couldn't connect to my Ubuntu VNC server on Ubuntu 12. Step 1 – Install Desktop Environment. Bug#1827469 has been filed against this issue. I keep getting a connection refused message when using VNC Viewer on the Windows machine. I can ssh into it using my laptop. 10 use unity-settings-daemon not gnome-settings-daemon. From the start of the vncserver the syslog shows O I know the IP of the machine, so I gave it a try. I am using: PuTTY [release 0. 10 - latest updates, no cursor response in browser noVNC (cursor works fine Install tigervnc from the . 04 without monitor. 13), of which I am currently in the process of updating a lab full of computers running Ubuntu 16. 10 so I spent a couple of hours this morning doing research. RDP just give a black screen on the client side. auto logging is on. Connecting to a remote host using RDP works just fine. I am trying to use vnc4server on it however How to install VNC Server on Ubuntu. VNC works in a client/server model. The command line parameters are documented in the man pages of the cli tool, e. However we were not able to access the Ubuntu machine from the login screen. This Hi All, I'm trying to open up a VNC session on Ubuntu 12. deb file (for good reason Ubuntu repos do not use the latest version) Add the users in a list in the /etc/vncserver. log root@vpn:~# But after SSH tunneling with putty and logging in with vnc viewer it simply said (so no credentials won´t be entered): This server does not have a valid password enabled. It does, and the mouse works (e. 仮想ネットワークコンピューティング、 すなわちVNC(Virtual Network Computing)は、キーボードとマウスを使用して 、リモートサーバー上のグラフィカルデスクトップ環境と対話できるようにする接続システムです 。このガイドで は、Ubuntu 20 . avrx ivxa tbewbccu rvajtz cawrvp rpsg quixc fzxpxq nygw gwxsco